Journal of Global Optimization
15 (3):235-260, October 1999.
© Kluwer Academic Publishers

Surmounting the Multiple-Minima Problem in Protein Folding

Harold A. Scheraga, Jooyoung Lee, Jaroslaw Pillardy, Yuan-Jie Ye, Adam Liwo, Daniel Ripoll


Abstract
Protein folding is a very difficult global optimization problem. Furthermore it is coupled with the difficult task of designing a reliable force field with which one has to search for the global minimum. A summary of a series of optimization methods developed and applied to various problems involving polypeptide chains is described in this paper. With recent developments, a computational treatment of the folding of globular proteins of up to 140 residues is shown to be tractable.

Keywords
Global optimization, Multiple-minima problem, Protein folding, Structure prediction